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After the establishment of the People's
Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese Government
paid great attention to the protection and management
of wild fauna and flora. As early as in 1956, the
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
instructed the Ministry of Forestry and Chinese
Academy of Sciences to designate and set up nature
reserves and felling-restricted area. In 1958, the
State Council authorized the Ministry of Forestry
to manage the protection of wildlife and hunting
in the country as a whole; in 1962, the State Council
formulated clearly the principle for wildlife management
as of "strengthening the protection of resources,
domesticating and breeding actively, and managing
and using rationally (these resources)", and
worked out a list of key wild animals to be protected,
thus the undertaking to protect wild animals was
unfolded broadly in China. The reform and open-door
policy of the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese
Government has given new life and vitality to the
undertaking to protect wildlife, and the state has
further improved management organs, increased capital
input for the protection and management, promulgated
successively a series of laws and regulations for
the protection of wildlife, this putting the work
of protecting and managing wildlife on to an orbit
of sustainable development.
The state laws and regulations are the basis for
the protection and management of wildlife. It is
stipulated in the Constitution of the People's Republic
of China: the state shall ensure rational exploitation
of natural resources, protect rare animals and plants
and prohibit any organization or individual from
seizing or destroying natural resources by any means.
In accordance with the Constitution, China has issued
many laws one after another, follows as:
1.Law of Forest
2.Law of Environmental Protection
3.Law of Fishery
4.Law of Grassland
5.Law for the Protection of Wild Animals
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| The State Council and the departments
responsible for wildlife have successively promulgated
a series of related laws, regulations and administrative
procedures, such as: |
1.Regulations Concerning Protection
of Nature Reserves of Forests and Wildlife
2.Regulations for the Management of Scenic
Spots & Historical Sites
3.Regulations for the Protection and Management
of Wild Herbal Resources
4.Inventory of Key Wild Animals for State
Protection
5.List of Endangered Rare Plants for State
Protection
6.Circular Order for the Strict Protection
of Precious and Rare Wild Animals
7.Emergent Circular Concerning Strengthening
the Protection of Wild Animals
8.Taking Strong Measures against Criminal
Activities, etc.
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Related local laws, regulations and administrative
procedures have been formulated in various provinces.
It is stipulated in the Law for the Protection of
Wild Animals: the resources of animals are owned
by the state; and the state exercises two-grade
management of the protected key wild animals. In
special case when it is necessary to hunt or catch
wild animals of the first grade to be protected
by the state, it is imperative to apply to responsible
administrative department for the protection of
wild animals under the State Council for special
hunting permit; to hunt the wild animals of the
second grade to be protected by the state, it is
imperative to apply to responsible administrative
departments for the protection of wild animals in
the People's Governments of the related provinces
or autonomous region or municipality directly under
the Central Government for special hunting permit.
And related regulations have been formulated concerning
the management of rare wild plants and the gathering
of Chinese herbs. All the laws and regulations for
the protection of wild animal and plant resources
have won the support and assistance given by the
broad masses of the people. Government at various
levels and related departments regard as their own
important obligations to strictly apply laws and
educate people to observe disciplines and abide
by laws consciously aiming at protecting the resources
of wild animals and plants. The law enforcing departments
such as the Government, public security, procuratorial
organ, court, industrial and commercial administration,
the customs, etc. must resolutely investigate and
handle criminal activities of illegal felling, illegal
hunting and smuggling state protected wild animals
and its products on violation of the state laws.
For instance, ciminals who have hunted and killed
Giant Pandas and sold or smuggled panda skin are
to be punished and fined according to the seriousness
of their crimes. The great power of the law keeps
the criminals in awe, at the same time educates
the people, thus more effectively protecting the
wild animal and plant resources.
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The website belongs to
Department of Wildlife Conservation, State Forestry
Administration, People's Republic of China, is updated
by National Wildlife Research and Development Center.
E-mail address: chli8@vip.sina.com
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